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Flow Rate Equation:
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The flow rate equation \( Q = A \times \sqrt{\frac{2 \Delta P}{\rho}} \) calculates the volumetric flow rate of a fluid through an orifice or pipe based on pressure drop, cross-sectional area, and fluid density. This equation is fundamental in fluid dynamics and engineering applications.
The calculator uses the flow rate equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation derives from Bernoulli's principle and conservation of energy, relating flow velocity to pressure difference and fluid properties.
Details: Accurate flow rate calculation is essential for designing piping systems, sizing pumps, optimizing industrial processes, and ensuring proper fluid transport in various engineering applications.
Tips: Enter cross-sectional area in square meters, pressure drop in Pascals, and fluid density in kg/m³. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.
Q1: What types of fluids does this equation apply to?
A: This equation applies to incompressible fluids (liquids) and is commonly used for water, oils, and other Newtonian fluids with constant density.
Q2: Can this be used for gas flow calculations?
A: For gases, additional factors like compressibility and temperature must be considered. This simplified equation is primarily for incompressible fluids.
Q3: How do I calculate area for a circular pipe?
A: For circular pipes, area \( A = \pi \times (d/2)^2 \) where d is the diameter in meters.
Q4: What are typical density values for common fluids?
A: Water ≈ 1000 kg/m³, Air ≈ 1.2 kg/m³, Oil ≈ 800-900 kg/m³, Mercury ≈ 13500 kg/m³.
Q5: What are the limitations of this equation?
A: Assumes ideal flow conditions, neglects friction losses, viscosity effects, and turbulence. More complex equations are needed for precise engineering designs.